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Integrated SDG Insights

Dominican Republic

UNDP’s Integrated SDG Insights explore how to achieve the SDGs by 2030. So that no one is left behind.

How To Read This Report

‘SDG Insights’ playbooks transcend development “as usual,” and leverages data innovation, AI and systems analysis to chart credible pathways that help countries meet the 2030 Agenda.

SDG Moment This section provides an overview of a country's economic growth trajectory, with new insights on sustainability and inclusiveness of growth pathways.

SDG Trends & Priorities This section builds from the foundation of national SDG progress and uses machine learning to analyse national development ambition with an SDG lens.

SDG Interlinkages Combined, these insights are mapped against SDG interlinkages to define policy choices the accelerate SDG progress, tailored to national context.

Finance & StimulusThese policy choices are made against fiscal constraints and opportunities for stimulus mapped in this section to ensure choices translate to development impact and leave no one behind.

1. SDG Moment

While economic growth is a key element in achieving the SDGs, many countries are intent on moving beyond growth as a yardstick for progress. In the short run, growth enables the SDGs; but in the long run, the SDGs aim to transform the pattern of growth itself.

GDP Growth Pathways

People

Poverty: Percentage of the population under each threshold (PPP$ a day).

Data not available.

Planet

Carbon Intensity: CO2 emissions intensity of GDP (tCO2 per PPP $1,000).

The Dominican Republic’s economy continued its path towards recovery in 2023 and it is projected to transition into acceleration mode in 2024-2025. This pace of growth is characterized by being 60% higher, on average, than the global figure, and is aligned with the country’s growth trajectory projected before the pandemic. Accordingly, the country’s commitments to achieving the SDGs are focused on ensuring that economic growth translates more effectively into increasing people’s well-being.

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This economic expansion is projected to exert a moderate positive impact on reducing poverty. In fact, according to national estimates, general monetary poverty decreased in 2022 to 27.7% and extreme monetary poverty now sits at 3.8%. Nonetheless, challenges still remain associated with high levels of inequality within territories, affecting youth and women, and there is still a high rate of informality and low professionalization of the labour force to enhance competitiveness. On the other hand, the pace of economic growth would be somewhat less dependent on carbon emissions as the country’s fossil-fuel carbon emissions intensity of GDP is expected to decline at an annual rate of 0.6%, whereas favourable land-use change is expected to continue compensating and dominating over and above any dependency of GDP growth on emissions from fossil fuels. These objectives are based on instruments that have been promoted in the country, such as the enactment of the Land Management Law, Nationally Determined Contribution and a road map for sustainable production and consumption with a consensus made between the public and private sectors.

3. SDG Interlinkages

Maps synergies and trade-offs of national priorities to the most relevant SDG targets to chart policy pathways with most potential to accelerate progress.

3.4: By 2030 “reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment” in all countries

The epidemiological profile of the country shows a trend towards a higher incidence of non-communicable diseases due to the ageing of the population and challenges to promote preventive health and healthy lifestyles more effectively. The country has designed a health model that prioritizes prevention and primary care. Likewise, in 2023, the Ten-Year Health Plan was drawn up, which is an instrument to accelerate the achievement of this goal.

For the DR, noncommunicable diseases are one of the main integral health challenges, with negative effects on the quality and longevity of people in environments with scarcity of access to basic services, human development and their ability to participate in economic and social life.

A trade-off associated with the pressure exerted on health insurance policies and social security schemes for populations throughout the life cycle has been identified.

Its approach has an impact on goals associated with decent work and economic growth, productive employment, education and training for unemployed youth and a reduction of inequalities, thereby also contributing to the political and economic participation and autonomy of women.

4.4: By 2030 “substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship”

The country has prioritized pre-university education and instruments to increase technical-vocational skills and education for the first job, considering that close to 50% of the Dominican population is concentrated in the youth and adult cycle. The number of educational centres with secondary and technical levels has doubled in the last four years. This goal constitutes an effective response to social and economic insertion for youth in poverty and vulnerability that face gaps in access to an academic offer that facilitates the effective transition from the end of school to the labour sector.

Progress in this area contributes substantially to human development opportunities and is connected to advancements in priority goals in the country's development agenda, such as quality education at all levels, skills development and equal opportunities for women, employability for decent work and income generation and sustainable enterprises, generation of knowledge for the protection of natural capital, among others.

The achievement of this goal generates a commitment to create better mechanisms to promote entrepreneurship, banking and access to infrastructure and digital opportunities thereby 'leaving no one behind'.

9.2: Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry’s share of employment and gross domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its share in least developed countries

At the present time, it is essential to promote a more sustainable and inclusive industrialization, fostering innovation to generate greater productivity in labour markets in the Dominican Republic. 

In the DR, micro-, small and medium-sized enterprises represent more than 90% of the business fabric. To promote it structural, digital and sustainable transformation requires eliminating barriers, such as formalization costs, administrative barriers to expand supply, digital divide, linkages with large value chains and access to knowledge for innovation that constitute productivity losses for competitiveness. 

These acceleration efforts should consider the transformation of to sustainable business models and the promotion of green jobs, which allows for a clean industrial development that does not compromise natural habitats, biodiversity and, in essence, future generations.

13.1: By 2030 “strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries”

The Dominican Republic is a small island developing State (SIDS), with a high probability of being affected by storms and hurricanes, where 38.2% of households live in areas of high (25.1%) or intermediate(13.1%) risk of being impacted by a hydro-meteorological event.

The country has made progress in integrating risk management and climate change adaptation strategies into public institutional strategic plans through initiatives such as the Territorial Approach Strategy for Disaster Risk Management and the Damage Collection and Assessment System, as well as into private companies and school curricula.

This target has broad repercussions and opportunities for synergies with 80 SDG targets. It has great importance for public policy and poverty reduction and for the promotion of Sustainable Human Development due to the severity of the impact of climate events that in short periods of time reverse development achievements reached in decades.

16.1 and 16.6: Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere and Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels

The country has made progress in transparency and accountability with the vision of developing a more robust justice system. In addition to strong institutions, a substantive element of effective governance is the capacity for agency and empowerment of people to recognize and demand their rights. 

In the last three years, the country has prioritized citizen security as a key axis for democratic governance and the rule of law. Work has been carried out on police reform to strengthen protection capacities, the effective exercise of rights and monitoring and the follow-up of security indicators for public policy. 

Significant progress has been made in reducing violent incidents, however, these persist in the most vulnerable areas. We know that significant challenges remain to achieve greater security in certain communities and neighborhoods, for example, by December 2022 there was an increase of 2.0 percentage points in the homicide rate compared to the previous year. It is important to highlight the importance of social cohesion (Target 10.2) to have greater citizen participation and thus create opportunities for upward mobility with greater inclusion.


15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainableuse of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services.

By prioritizing Target 15.1 in its 2021-2025 National Development Plan, Ecuadorreaffirmed the significance of protecting and preserving terrestrial ecosystems andtheir biodiversity. This includes recognizing that the investment projects intendedto fulfil Target 15.1 will not only contribute to achieving the SDGs 13, 14 and 15, butwill also help restore ecosystems that underpin the availability and comprehensivemanagement of water resources (SDG 6) and promote their sustainable use (Target12.2). Additionally, it will also foster the generation of new energy from renewablesources (Target 7.2).

To this end, Ecuador seeks to strengthen the management of the National Systemof Protected Areas through its 2022-2032 Strategic Plan and the implementationof the National Forest Restoration Plan 2019-2030. These instruments serve as thetechnical, legal and financial foundation for executing local forest restorationprocesses with a landscape vision, with an overall goal of covering 30,000hectares through its projects. Considering that the proportion of national territoryunder conservation or environmental management, as of 2022, stands at 22.1%, itis necessary to mobilize additional financial resources from various sources andestablish robust governance (Target 17.3) to intensify the care of protected areas.This ensures the conservation of natural and cultural resources, genetic flows, theprovision of environmental services for the benefit of the population and thealignment of policies on the ground.

Futures Scenarios

SDG Push is a futures scenario based on 48 integrated accelerators in the areas of Governance, Social Protection, Green Economy and Digital Disruption. It uses national data to explore the impact on human development by 2030 and 2050 across key SDG indicators. It does this by using ‘International Futures,’ a systems model designed to explore interactions across development systems.

Poverty <$1.90 Per Day (Number of People)

Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)

Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)

4. Finance and Stimulus

Many countries are facing reduced fiscal space, high debt levels, rising interest rates and downgrades on credit ratings. Fiscal and financial constraints tend to slow or even reverse SDG progress.

The Dominican Republic's gross government debt, projected at 58.3% of GDP in 2023, is more than 10 percentage points (pp) below the emerging market and middle-income economies’ (EMMIE) average of 68.8%. The country is projected to collect 14.9% of GDP in revenue this year, thus half the EMMIE average of 26%.

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The Dominican Republic's external debt servicing relative to revenue is projected at 12.5% this year, hence very close to the average EMMIE country’s 12.3%. As is the EMMIE average, the country’s credit rating is in the ‘non-investment grade speculative’ category. Due to increasing external pressures and crisis on the international front that have translated into high prices, the government has assigned an important number of public resources to subsidies and debt, further affecting national fiscal resources. Discussions on innovative financing alternatives are relevant in this context, including mechanisms to better redistribute resources and to reduce the negative impacts on the poorest households.
Currently, the DR is starting an Integrated National Financing Framework (INFF) in order to develop a national financial strategy to identify, mobilize and optimize resources for national priorities aligned with the 2030 Agenda.

SDG Stimulus

The UN Secretary General’s SDG Stimulus Plan lays out a blueprint for action within the existing financial architecture. It includes:

  • Providing liquidity to support recovery in the near term
  • Enhance debt relief for vulnerable countries.​
  • Expanding development financing by MDBs
  • Align financial flows with the SDGs and Paris Agreement, according to country-level priorities and needs, for example through the rollout of the UN Integrated National Financing Framework (INFFs).

Given the projected fiscal and financial constraints faced by

Dominican Republic

possible funding options for the investments derived from the identified interlinkages are as follows:

  • Climate finance
  • Blended and public-private finance
  • SDG-aligned business environment and investment
  • Accessing financial markets and insurance
  • Remittances and philanthropy

Methodology & Data Sources

Click here to view the Methodological Note for the Integrated SDG Insights.

This report is the result of a global exercise carried out using artificial intelligence to identify SDG priorities based on 10 national government documents, together with SDG progress and SDG interlinkage analysis. The implementation and monitoring of the 2030 Agenda in Argentina should be consulted in the Country Reports and National Voluntary Reports.

SDG Moment

Methodology
Assesses challenges and opportunities in national growth trajectories with insights on environmental sustainability and inclusiveness.

Data Sources
Future trajectories to 2025 are based on IMF-WEO GDP projections, distributions of per capita income or consumption from the World Bank, and CO2 emissions from the Global Carbon Budget 2022 and EDGAR (JRC and IEA).​

Trends & Priorities

Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.

Data Sources
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.

Interlinkages

Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.

Data Sources
The exercise globally considered a total of 454 documents published from 2015 to August 2022. (Miola et al., 2019 updated in 2021-2022)​

Finance & Stimulus

Methodology
Provides insight into indicators of fiscal and financial stress with options (INFF) for stimulus and other means to accelerate progress.

Data Sources
Most recent resource data from UNU-WIDER GRD (between 2018 and 2021), debt and revenue from IMF WEO (between 2020 and forecasts for 2023), external debt from IDS (2023), yields from Haver Analytics (8 June 2023), credit ratings from S&P, Moodys and FITCH (2023), and DSA ratings from World Bank/IMF (31 May 2023).