Integrated SDG Insights
Angola
UNDP’s Integrated SDG Insights explore how to achieve the SDGs by 2030. So that no one is left behind.
How To Read This Report
‘SDG Insights’ playbooks transcend development “as usual,” and leverages data innovation, AI and systems analysis to chart credible pathways that help countries meet the 2030 Agenda.
SDG Moment — This section provides an overview of a country's economic growth trajectory, with new insights on sustainability and inclusiveness of growth pathways.
SDG Trends & Priorities — This section builds from the foundation of national SDG progress and uses machine learning to analyse national development ambition with an SDG lens.
SDG Interlinkages — Combined, these insights are mapped against SDG interlinkages to define policy choices the accelerate SDG progress, tailored to national context.
Finance & Stimulus — These policy choices are made against fiscal constraints and opportunities for stimulus mapped in this section to ensure choices translate to development impact and leave no one behind.
1. SDG Moment
While economic growth is a key element in achieving the SDGs, many countries are intent on moving beyond growth as a yardstick for progress. In the short run, growth enables the SDGs; but in the long run, the SDGs aim to transform the pattern of growth itself.
GDP Growth Pathways
People
Poverty: Percentage of the population under each threshold (PPP$ a day).
Planet
Carbon Intensity: CO2 emissions intensity of GDP (tCO2 per PPP $1,000).
Angola’s economy is projected to grow by 2% in 2023 and between2.6% and 3.6% in the next couple of years.1 Accordingly, Angola’scommitments to achieving the SDGs are focused on increasingpeople’s well-being and prosperity.
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Angola’s economic growth cycle would be less dependent oncarbon emissions as the country's carbon emissions intensity ofGDP is projected to decrease at annual rates of 5.5%-7.5% undercurrent conditions.2 This pace of economic growth, however, is notexpected to exert a noticeable effect on lowering the incidence ofpoverty in the short-term. Hence, significant distributionalchallenges remain.
2. SDG Trends & Priorities
Trends
Understanding how Angola performs against the SDG targets provides a baseline landscape against which to build integrated SDG pathways. SDG progress tracking follows UN Stats standards and methodology, and is aligned with country profiles.
Priorities
Angola’s national priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents. This analysis uses a custom-built model for SDG classification. It considers 100k+ terms, including phrases and expressions.
3. SDG Interlinkages
Maps synergies and trade-offs of national priorities to the most relevant SDG targets to chart policy pathways with most potential to accelerate progress.
3.3: By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases, and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
The National Development Plan (NDP) 2023-2027 considers human capital development as a key priority, including health and well-being.
Policies and programmes aimed at ending the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases trigger several interlinkages across the SDGs. For example, advancing on SDG Target 3.3 may positively contribute to reduce multidimensional poverty and inequalities, including gender inequalities.
The interlinkages critical for Angola's development emphasize that progress in this area helps tackle the socio-economic determinants of health, especially for poverty (Target 1.2), social protection (Target 1.3), education (Target 4.1), inclusion and opportunity (Target 10.2) for all.
8.5: By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value.
Promoting economic diversification is one of the three major priority of NDP 2023-2027. The aim is to tackle the overdependence on the oil sector and to reduce the high youth unemployment.
Owing to the relevance of employment and decent work, SDG Target 8.5 shows 55 synergies across several SDGs.
The interlinkages are notable to accelerate Angola's SDG ambition include co-investment with both the social sectors (health, education, water and sanitation) and economic sectors (industry, energy and infrastructure). Potential synergies also exist with environmental protection and climate action through the generation of employment opportunities arising from renewable energy, the blue economy and forestry services.
15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
Environmental protection and climate action is crucial to accelerate the SDGs in Angola. SDG Target 15.1 shows 56 synergies across several SDGs.
Climate action needs to be integrated in the NDP 2023-2027 as a crucial factor affecting both human capital development and economic diversification.
The most notable synergies are with other targets under the SDGs 13, 14 and 15, but the positive interlinkages goes beyond the environmental dimension to include food and agriculture, water and health, owing to the effects of climate change.
4. Futures Scenarios
SDG Push is a futures scenario based on 48 integrated accelerators in the areas of Governance, Social Protection, Green Economy and Digital Disruption. It uses national data to explore the impact on human development by 2030 and 2050 across key SDG indicators. It does this by using ‘International Futures,’ a systems model designed to explore interactions across development systems.
Improved Sanitation Access (%)
5. Finance and Stimulus
Many countries are facing reduced fiscal space, high debt levels, rising interest rates and downgrades on credit ratings. Fiscal and financial constraints tend to slow or even reverse SDG progress.
Angola’s economy is projected to grow by 2% in 2023 and between 2.6% and 3.6% in the next couple of years.1 Accordingly, Angola’s commitments to achieving the SDGs are focused on increasing people’s well-being and prosperity.
Show More
Angola’s economic growth cycle would be less dependent on carbon emissions as the country's carbon emissions intensity of GDP is projected to decrease at annual rates of 5.5%-7.5% under current conditions.2 This pace of economic growth, however, is not expected to exert a noticeable effect on lowering the incidence of poverty in the short-term. Hence, significant distributional challenges remain.
6. SDG Stimulus
The UN Secretary General’s SDG Stimulus Plan lays out a blueprint for action within the existing financial architecture. It includes:
Along with the SDG budget-tagging exercises, which provide insights on efficiently allocating public funds for a relative increase in public goods and service provision, the UN Secretary General’s SDG Stimulus Plan lays out a blueprint for action within the existing financial architecture. It includes:
- Providing liquidity to support recovery in the near term
- Enhance debt relief for vulnerable countries.
- Expanding development financing by MDBs
- Align financial flows with the SDGs and Paris Agreement, according to country-level priorities and needs, for example through the rollout of the UN Integrated National Financing Framework (INFFs).
Given the projected fiscal and financial constraints faced by Angola, possible financing options for the investments derived from the identified interlinkages are as follows:
- Tax and revenue reform
- SDG-aligned business environment and investment
- Debt for SDGs
- Climate finance
- Blended and public-private finance
- Accessing financial markets and insurance
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7. Methodology & Data Sources
Click here to view the Methodological Note for the Integrated SDG Insights.
SDG Moment
Methodology
Assesses challenges and opportunities in national growth trajectories with insights on environmental sustainability and inclusiveness.
Data Sources
Future trajectories to 2025 are based on IMF-WEO GDP projections, distributions of per capita income or consumption from the World Bank, and CO2 emissions from the Global Carbon Budget 2022 and EDGAR (JRC and IEA).
Trends & Priorities
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Interlinkages
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
The exercise globally considered a total of 454 documents published from 2015 to August 2022. (Miola et al., 2019 updated in 2021-2022)
Finance & Stimulus
Methodology
Provides insight into indicators of fiscal and financial stress with options (INFF) for stimulus and other means to accelerate progress.
Data Sources
Most recent resource data from UNU-WIDER GRD (between 2018 and 2021), debt and revenue from IMF WEO (between 2020 and forecasts for 2023), external debt from IDS (2023), yields from Haver Analytics (8 June 2023), credit ratings from S&P, Moodys and FITCH (2023), and DSA ratings from World Bank/IMF (31 May 2023).