Integrated SDG Insights
Senegal
UNDP’s Integrated SDG Insights explore how to achieve the SDGs by 2030. So that no one is left behind.
How To Read This Report
‘SDG Insights’ playbooks transcend development “as usual,” and leverages data innovation, AI and systems analysis to chart credible pathways that help countries meet the 2030 Agenda.
SDG Moment — This section provides an overview of a country's economic growth trajectory, with new insights on sustainability and inclusiveness of growth pathways.
SDG Trends & Priorities — This section builds from the foundation of national SDG progress and uses machine learning to analyse national development ambition with an SDG lens.
SDG Interlinkages — Combined, these insights are mapped against SDG interlinkages to define policy choices the accelerate SDG progress, tailored to national context.
Finance & Stimulus — These policy choices are made against fiscal constraints and opportunities for stimulus mapped in this section to ensure choices translate to development impact and leave no one behind.
1. SDG Moment
While economic growth is a key element in achieving the SDGs, many countries are intent on moving beyond growth as a yardstick for progress. In the short run, growth enables the SDGs; but in the long run, the SDGs aim to transform the pattern of growth itself.
GDP Growth Pathways
People
Poverty: Percentage of the population under each threshold (PPP$ a day).
Data not available.
Planet
Carbon Intensity: CO2 emissions intensity of GDP (tCO2 per PPP $1,000).
Senegal’s economic growth cycle in 2023-2024 is in acceleration, but is expected to slow down by 2025. This pace of growth is characterized by being more than twice the global rate, on average, though it is still below the country’s growth trajectory projected before the pandemic. Accordingly, Senegal’s commitments to achieving the SDGs are focused on increasing people’s well-being.
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Despite the positive impact of this pace of economic growth on poverty reduction at $2.15 and $3.65 a day, there are still significant distributional challenges to accelerate progress. Moreover, economic growth occurs at the expense of the environment, as the country’s carbon emissions intensity of GDP is expected to increase at an annual rate of 6% due to fossil fuel usage, and of 10.6% when also considering land-use change.
2. SDG Trends & Priorities
Trends
Understanding how
Senegal
performs against the SDG targets provides a baseline landscape against which to build integrated SDG pathways. SDG progress tracking follows UN Stats standards and methodology, and is aligned with country profiles.
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Priorities
Senegal
’s national priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents. This analysis uses a custom-built model for SDG classification. It considers 100k+ terms, including phrases and expressions.
3. SDG Interlinkages
Maps synergies and trade-offs of national priorities to the most relevant SDG targets to chart policy pathways with most potential to accelerate progress.
8.5: Full employment and decent work with equal pay
To tackle the problem of employment, particularly for young people and the vulnerable, the Government of Senegal has adopted a national employment policy based on strengthening the efficiency and transparency of the labour market and on promoting self-employment in both rural and urban areas. The State has also created instruments to support young people, such as the National Agreement between the State and Private Employers, the establishment of various funds and the creation of Community Agricultural Estates. In addition, the General Delegation for Youth and Women's Rapid Entrepreneurship reinforces the existing system and aims to support entrepreneurship and self-employment initiatives by young people and women, while meeting the requirements of transparency, diligence and efficiency.
In addition, significant lines of credit are granted to women, thanks to the combined actions of financing mechanisms and projects/programmes. Since 2021, the government has also been implementing an Emergency Programme for the Employment and Socio-economic Integration of Young People, at a total cost of F.CFA 450 billion.
11.6: Reduce the environmental impacts of cities
To provide a concrete response to concerns about climate change, the Government of Senegal is implementing major projects and programmes, such as the following ones:
- The "Territorial Approach to Climate Change" project to strengthen the capacity for regions to integrate climate and carbon constraints into their long-term development planning.
- The Mbeubeuss landfill biogas recovery project, which aims to capture the methane emitted into the atmosphere from the landfill (70%), and to destroy it either by simple burning or by burning combined with energy production.
- The Great Green Wall Programme, which aims to combat the effects of climate change and desertification and the loss of biodiversity in order to generate highly positive socio-economic impacts on populations and to ensure the sustainable management of natural resources and the integrated development of targeted arid zones.
- The "Integration of Adaptation to Climate Change into Sustainable Development in Senegal" project, which aims to integrate the adaptation to climate change into development policy and objectives through institutional structures, capacity- building and financial mechanisms.
16.3: Promote the rule of law and ensure equal access to justice
The renewal of the Senegalese justice system is reflected in the following initiatives:
(i) The introduction of a new judicial map, with the creation of high courts and magistrates' courts in place of regional courts and departmental courts respectively; (ii) the creation of criminal divisions in high courts and courts of appeal in place of assize courts; (iii) the possibility of creating specialized divisions in civil, commercial and criminal matters in high courts and magistrates' courts; (iv) the introduction of new principles of judicial organization (principles of impartiality and independence); (v) the introduction of new principles of judicial organization (principles of impartiality and celerity); (vi) the adjustment of classical principles of judicial organization (principles of the rights of the defense and collegiality); and (vii) the inclusion of local justice in the judicial chain.
15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainableuse of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services.
By prioritizing Target 15.1 in its 2021-2025 National Development Plan, Ecuadorreaffirmed the significance of protecting and preserving terrestrial ecosystems andtheir biodiversity. This includes recognizing that the investment projects intendedto fulfil Target 15.1 will not only contribute to achieving the SDGs 13, 14 and 15, butwill also help restore ecosystems that underpin the availability and comprehensivemanagement of water resources (SDG 6) and promote their sustainable use (Target12.2). Additionally, it will also foster the generation of new energy from renewablesources (Target 7.2).
To this end, Ecuador seeks to strengthen the management of the National Systemof Protected Areas through its 2022-2032 Strategic Plan and the implementationof the National Forest Restoration Plan 2019-2030. These instruments serve as thetechnical, legal and financial foundation for executing local forest restorationprocesses with a landscape vision, with an overall goal of covering 30,000hectares through its projects. Considering that the proportion of national territoryunder conservation or environmental management, as of 2022, stands at 22.1%, itis necessary to mobilize additional financial resources from various sources andestablish robust governance (Target 17.3) to intensify the care of protected areas.This ensures the conservation of natural and cultural resources, genetic flows, theprovision of environmental services for the benefit of the population and thealignment of policies on the ground.
Futures Scenarios
SDG Push is a futures scenario based on 48 integrated accelerators in the areas of Governance, Social Protection, Green Economy and Digital Disruption. It uses national data to explore the impact on human development by 2030 and 2050 across key SDG indicators. It does this by using ‘International Futures,’ a systems model designed to explore interactions across development systems.
Poverty <$1.90 Per Day (Number of People)
Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)
Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)
4. Finance and Stimulus
Many countries are facing reduced fiscal space, high debt levels, rising interest rates and downgrades on credit ratings. Fiscal and financial constraints tend to slow or even reverse SDG progress.
Senegal's gross government debt, projected at 73.1% of GDP in 2023, is about 50% higher than the low-income developing countries (LIDC) group of 48.3%. The country is expected to collect 21.3% of GDP in revenue this year, again nearly 50% above the LIDC group ratio of 14.9%. Senegal’s public external debt servicing this year is expected to be as high as 20.3% of revenue compared to 14.1% for the LIDC average. According to the latest World Bank and IMF Debt Sustainability Assessment from June 2022, the country is rated at ‘moderate risk’ of debt distress.
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Senegal is using an Integrated National Financing Framework to address key fiscal and financial constraints and to build a more sustainable financial architecture at the national level. Priority areas of action have been identified around the following: improving the tax structure with more share of direct vs indirect taxes; modernizing tax administration through digitalization and transparent tax communications; implementing a debt strategy for more concessional borrowing and directing commercial debt towards projects with proven profitability; strengthening the implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) projects and creating a PPP project seed fund; and redirecting diaspora savings towards productive investments.
SDG Stimulus
The UN Secretary General’s SDG Stimulus Plan lays out a blueprint for action within the existing financial architecture. It includes:
- Providing liquidity to support recovery in the near term
- Enhance debt relief for vulnerable countries.
- Expanding development financing by MDBs
- Align financial flows with the SDGs and Paris Agreement, according to country-level priorities and needs, for example through the rollout of the UN Integrated National Financing Framework (INFFs).
Given the projected fiscal and financial constraints faced by
Senegal
possible funding options for the investments derived from the identified interlinkages are as follows:
- Tax and revenue reform, including revenues from oil and gas
- Debt for SDGs
- Climate finance
- Blended and public-private finance
- SDG-aligned business environment and investment
- Accessing financial markets and insurance
- Remittances, philanthropy and faith-based financing
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Methodology & Data Sources
Click here to view the Methodological Note for the Integrated SDG Insights.
This report is the result of a global exercise carried out using artificial intelligence to identify SDG priorities based on 10 national government documents, together with SDG progress and SDG interlinkage analysis. The implementation and monitoring of the 2030 Agenda in Argentina should be consulted in the Country Reports and National Voluntary Reports.
SDG Moment
Methodology
Assesses challenges and opportunities in national growth trajectories with insights on environmental sustainability and inclusiveness.
Data Sources
Future trajectories to 2025 are based on IMF-WEO GDP projections, distributions of per capita income or consumption from the World Bank, and CO2 emissions from the Global Carbon Budget 2022 and EDGAR (JRC and IEA).
Trends & Priorities
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Interlinkages
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
The exercise globally considered a total of 454 documents published from 2015 to August 2022. (Miola et al., 2019 updated in 2021-2022)
Finance & Stimulus
Methodology
Provides insight into indicators of fiscal and financial stress with options (INFF) for stimulus and other means to accelerate progress.
Data Sources
Most recent resource data from UNU-WIDER GRD (between 2018 and 2021), debt and revenue from IMF WEO (between 2020 and forecasts for 2023), external debt from IDS (2023), yields from Haver Analytics (8 June 2023), credit ratings from S&P, Moodys and FITCH (2023), and DSA ratings from World Bank/IMF (31 May 2023).