Integrated SDG Insights
Togo
UNDP’s Integrated SDG Insights explore how to achieve the SDGs by 2030. So that no one is left behind.
How To Read This Report
‘SDG Insights’ playbooks transcend development “as usual,” and leverages data innovation, AI and systems analysis to chart credible pathways that help countries meet the 2030 Agenda.
SDG Moment — This section provides an overview of a country's economic growth trajectory, with new insights on sustainability and inclusiveness of growth pathways.
SDG Trends & Priorities — This section builds from the foundation of national SDG progress and uses machine learning to analyse national development ambition with an SDG lens.
SDG Interlinkages — Combined, these insights are mapped against SDG interlinkages to define policy choices the accelerate SDG progress, tailored to national context.
Finance & Stimulus — These policy choices are made against fiscal constraints and opportunities for stimulus mapped in this section to ensure choices translate to development impact and leave no one behind.
1. SDG Moment
While economic growth is a key element in achieving the SDGs, many countries are intent on moving beyond growth as a yardstick for progress. In the short run, growth enables the SDGs; but in the long run, the SDGs aim to transform the pattern of growth itself.
GDP Growth Pathways
People
Poverty: Percentage of the population under each threshold (PPP$ a day).
Data not available.
Planet
Carbon Intensity: CO2 emissions intensity of GDP (tCO2 per PPP $1,000).
Togo's growth trajectory during the 2023-2025 cycle is accelerating, expected to be 86% higher than the global average and aligned with pre-pandemic projections. Consequently, Togo's commitments to achieve the SDGs revolve around three axes: (i) strengthening social inclusion and harmony and guaranteeing peace; (ii) boost job creation by drawing on the strengths of the economy; (iii) modernize the country and strengthen its structures.
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This pace of growth is expected to have a positive impact on reducing poverty to $2.15 and $3.65 per day. However, the country's efforts are aimed at making significant progress. Additionally, the business cycle would be less dependent on carbon emissions, as the carbon emissions intensity of the country's GDP due to the use of fossil fuels, is expected to decline at an annual rate of nearly 7%.
2. SDG Trends & Priorities
Trends
Understanding how
Togo
performs against the SDG targets provides a baseline landscape against which to build integrated SDG pathways. SDG progress tracking follows UN Stats standards and methodology, and is aligned with country profiles.
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Priorities
Togo
’s national priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents. This analysis uses a custom-built model for SDG classification. It considers 100k+ terms, including phrases and expressions.
3. SDG Interlinkages
Maps synergies and trade-offs of national priorities to the most relevant SDG targets to chart policy pathways with most potential to accelerate progress.
1.3: Establish social protection systems
Social protection is a priority of the Government, and understood as a driver of progress in poverty reduction efforts, improving resilience of vulnerable groups to shocks and disasters, and promoting the participation of all people in the creation of prosperity. It thus forms a backbone for progress across the other SDG goals amplified in this report.
Togo is progress despite recognized challenges as set out in the FDR in particular P1 “Granting of identity for all", P2 "establishment of the single social register" and P3 "establishment of universal health coverage”.
8.5: Full employment and decent work with equal pay
Togo has regained its economic growth before the COVID health crisis (average 5.3) and aims to reach 7.5 by 2025. Thus, target 8.5 could make this growth more inclusive.
It has the capacity to contribute to achieving the country's ambitions, in particular strengthening inclusion and social harmony through axis 1 of the roadmap “Strengthening social inclusion and harmony and guaranteeing peace”. It is also part of axis 2 of the government roadmap (FDR 2025) “Dynamic job creation by drawing on the strengths of the economy”.
It strongly contributes to economic growth and addresses issues of redistribution, growth, equity, inclusiveness and sustainability. It encourages the promotion of decent jobs. It impacts 55 other targets and 12 SDG accelerator targets. It is in compromise with 2 targets. Its implementation requires collaboration with the sectors concerned.
9.2: Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization
This target is in line with ambition 6 (create real extractive and transformative industries) of axis 2 of the FDR.
For this target, there are 38 targets including 3 SDG accelerator targets that are impacted and 18 targets with which compromises are necessary.
A focus on this target will:
- Transform available agricultural and mining resources in order to create added value;
- Promote the creation of sustainable and inclusive jobs;
- Promote local consumption to reduce imports.
16.3: Promote the rule of law in the domestic and international order and guarantee equal access to justice for all
Nationally and internationally, issues related to the promotion of the rule of law and access to justice for all, under conditions of equality, are very important. In terms of their implementation, Togo has made a lot of efforts, yet many challenges remain to be met.
The prioritization of target 16.3 then confirms this importance. It is a priority because not only it is at the forefront of the FDR (Axis 1, ambition 3, priority (iii)), but also by acting on it, we accelerate the achievement of all 16 other impacted targets, including 2 of the SDG accelerators of Togo (1.2 and 1.4). This allows the elimination of poverty; access to basic social services; the guarantee of national security etc.
The implementation of this target does not require any compromise with other targets.
15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainableuse of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services.
By prioritizing Target 15.1 in its 2021-2025 National Development Plan, Ecuadorreaffirmed the significance of protecting and preserving terrestrial ecosystems andtheir biodiversity. This includes recognizing that the investment projects intendedto fulfil Target 15.1 will not only contribute to achieving the SDGs 13, 14 and 15, butwill also help restore ecosystems that underpin the availability and comprehensivemanagement of water resources (SDG 6) and promote their sustainable use (Target12.2). Additionally, it will also foster the generation of new energy from renewablesources (Target 7.2).
To this end, Ecuador seeks to strengthen the management of the National Systemof Protected Areas through its 2022-2032 Strategic Plan and the implementationof the National Forest Restoration Plan 2019-2030. These instruments serve as thetechnical, legal and financial foundation for executing local forest restorationprocesses with a landscape vision, with an overall goal of covering 30,000hectares through its projects. Considering that the proportion of national territoryunder conservation or environmental management, as of 2022, stands at 22.1%, itis necessary to mobilize additional financial resources from various sources andestablish robust governance (Target 17.3) to intensify the care of protected areas.This ensures the conservation of natural and cultural resources, genetic flows, theprovision of environmental services for the benefit of the population and thealignment of policies on the ground.
Futures Scenarios
SDG Push is a futures scenario based on 48 integrated accelerators in the areas of Governance, Social Protection, Green Economy and Digital Disruption. It uses national data to explore the impact on human development by 2030 and 2050 across key SDG indicators. It does this by using ‘International Futures,’ a systems model designed to explore interactions across development systems.
Poverty <$1.90 Per Day (Number of People)
Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)
Malnourished Children Under 5 (Number Of Children)
4. Finance and Stimulus
Many countries are facing reduced fiscal space, high debt levels, rising interest rates and downgrades on credit ratings. Fiscal and financial constraints tend to slow or even reverse SDG progress.
Togo's gross public debt, expected at 68.5% of GDP in 2023, is more than 20 percentage points (pp) higher than the group of low-income developing countries (LIDCs) of 48.3%. The country is expected to collect 17.7% of GDP in revenue this year and thus nearly 3pp above the PDFR group ratio of 14.9%.
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Togo's external public debt service this year is expected to be 14.2% of revenue and therefore almost identical to the LIDC average. The latest World Bank and IMF Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) of April 2020 classified the country as “at moderate risk of debt distress”.
SDG Stimulus
The UN Secretary General’s SDG Stimulus Plan lays out a blueprint for action within the existing financial architecture. It includes:
- Providing liquidity to support recovery in the near term
- Enhance debt relief for vulnerable countries.
- Expanding development financing by MDBs
- Align financial flows with the SDGs and Paris Agreement, according to country-level priorities and needs, for example through the rollout of the UN Integrated National Financing Framework (INFFs).
Given the projected fiscal and financial constraints faced by
Togo
possible funding options for the investments derived from the identified interlinkages are as follows:
- Tax and non-tax reform
- Debt for the SDGs
- Climate finance
- Mixed and public-private financing
- Business environment and investment aligned with the SDGs
- Remittances, philanthropy and trust-based financing
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Methodology & Data Sources
Click here to view the Methodological Note for the Integrated SDG Insights.
This report is the result of a global exercise carried out using artificial intelligence to identify SDG priorities based on 10 national government documents, together with SDG progress and SDG interlinkage analysis. The implementation and monitoring of the 2030 Agenda in Argentina should be consulted in the Country Reports and National Voluntary Reports.
SDG Moment
Methodology
Assesses challenges and opportunities in national growth trajectories with insights on environmental sustainability and inclusiveness.
Data Sources
Future trajectories to 2025 are based on IMF-WEO GDP projections, distributions of per capita income or consumption from the World Bank, and CO2 emissions from the Global Carbon Budget 2022 and EDGAR (JRC and IEA).
Trends & Priorities
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Interlinkages
Methodology
SDG trends tracks progress from 2015 to date for the 231 indicators. National priorities are analysed using machine learning to reveal the most prominent SDGs referenced in national policy documents.
Data Sources
The exercise globally considered a total of 454 documents published from 2015 to August 2022. (Miola et al., 2019 updated in 2021-2022)
Finance & Stimulus
Methodology
Provides insight into indicators of fiscal and financial stress with options (INFF) for stimulus and other means to accelerate progress.
Data Sources
Most recent resource data from UNU-WIDER GRD (between 2018 and 2021), debt and revenue from IMF WEO (between 2020 and forecasts for 2023), external debt from IDS (2023), yields from Haver Analytics (8 June 2023), credit ratings from S&P, Moodys and FITCH (2023), and DSA ratings from World Bank/IMF (31 May 2023).